Table 27.1 (continued)

ENMs

Size (nm)

Bacteria

Mode of action

Synthesis

References

Se

30–70

E. coli

S. aureus

Deposition of NPs in the peptidoglycan layer and

release of soluble Se species

Redox reactions

Tran et al.

(2015)

CuO/W

39–53

E. coli

S. aureus

ROS generation, Induction of oxidative stress–

Co-precipitation

synthesis

Raba-Páez

et al. (2020)

HfO2

3.7
0.6

S. mutans

Bacterial DNA fragmentation

Sol-gel synthesis

Ostadhossein

et al. (2018)

α-Al2O3

20

S. aureus

K. aerogenes

E. coli

P. desmolyticum

NPs interaction with outer membrane and subsequent

channel formation in the cytoplasmic membrane

and ROS generation

Solution

combustion

synthesis

Prashanth et al.

(2015)

CeO2

6
3.5,

15
4.3, 22
5.7,

40
10

E. coli

S. oneidensis

B. subtilis

NPs-bacterium interactions and general stress response

Hydrothermal

synthesis

Pelletier et al.

(2010)

NiO

20–30

P. aeruginosa

B. subtilis

Membrane disruption and cell lysis

Sol-gel synthesis

Rakshit et al.

(2013)

Co3O4

10–25 (Co3O4-I)

100–150 (Co3O4-II)

S. aureus

E. coli

Interaction of NPs through endocytosis across the

plasma membrane into the cytoplasm

Pyrolytic synthesis

Ghosh et al.

(2014)

Fe3O4

10–30

E. coli

P. mirabilis

B. subtilis

ROS generation, Penetration of NPs into membrane

Co-precipitation

synthesis

Arokiyaraj

et al. (2013)

500

M. Chauhan et al.